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Users typically log into the service with an ‘anonymous’ (lower-case and case-sensitive in some FTP servers) account when prompted for user name. What is Anonymous FTP?Ī host that provides an FTP service may provide anonymous FTP access. Once a control connection has been established, the server opens port number 20 to form a new connection with the client for transferring the actual data during uploads and downloads. TCP port number 21 on the FTP server listens for connection attempts from an FTP client and is used as a control port for establishing a connection between the client and server, for allowing the client to send an FTP command to the server, and for returning the server’s response to the command.
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FTP commands can be used to change directories, change transfer modes between binary and ASCII, upload files, and download files.įTP uses Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) for reliable network communication by establishing a session before initiating data transfer. FTP ClientĪn FTP client is an application that can issue FTP commands to an FTP server, while an FTP server is a service or daemon running on a server that responds to FTP commands from a client. For secure transmission that protects the username and password, and encrypts the content, FTP is often secured with SSL/TLS (FTPS) or replaced with SSH File Transfer Protocol (SFTP). FTP users may authenticate themselves with a clear-text sign-in protocol, normally in the form of a username and password, but can connect anonymously if the server is configured to allow it. How File Transfer Protocol Worksįile Transfer Protocol (FTP) is one of the earliest Internet protocols and is still used for uploading and downloading files between clients and servers.įTP is built on a client-server model architecture using separate control and data connections between the client and the server. FTP stands for File Transfer Protocol is an Internet standard application-level TCP/IP protocol that can be used for transferring files between hosts on a TCP/IP internetwork.